Our friend from St Lucia and creator of the WWII Log Book Project, Nick Devaux, along with expert WWII researcher Lars McKie, join us to talk about a truly forgotten front of World War II, the Caribbean Basin.

During World War II, the Caribbean played a significant but often overlooked role in the broader conflict. Its strategic position made it a critical area for military operations.

The Caribbean bordered vital sea lanes connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Panama Canal, as well as shipping routes between the Americas and Europe. These routes were essential for transporting troops, raw materials, and supplies. The Axis powers, particularly Germany, targeted the Caribbean to disrupt Allied supply chains. German U-boats operated extensively in the region, attacking merchant ships and tankers carrying oil from Venezuelan and Trinidadian refineries to Allied forces. The Battle of the Caribbean, as this campaign became known, resulted in significant losses for Allied shipping.

Oil production in the Caribbean was another critical factor. The region’s refineries, especially those in Aruba, Curaçao, and Trinidad, were among the largest in the world. Protecting these installations from Axis attacks became a top priority. The United States established military bases in several Caribbean territories, including Trinidad, Puerto Rico, and the Bahamas, to guard refineries and shipping lanes. The British also strengthened defenses in their colonies, recognizing the importance of these assets to the war effort.

To secure the region, the Allies implemented agreements with local governments, many of which were colonial administrations under British, Dutch, or French control. The 1940 Destroyers-for-Bases Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom allowed the U.S. to build military bases in British territories, providing critical infrastructure for anti-submarine warfare and air reconnaissance. These bases included significant facilities in Antigua, St. Lucia, and Jamaica.

The presence of American and British military personnel brought cultural influences and new ideas, fostering aspirations for greater political autonomy among Caribbean populations. Many Caribbean men who served in the armed forces or worked abroad during the war returned with heightened expectations for social and economic progress, contributing to postwar movements for independence and self-governance. In colonies like Trinidad and Jamaica, these changes helped lay the groundwork for decolonization in the following decades.

The Caribbean’s civilian population endured hardships during the war. German submarine activity disrupted trade, leading to shortages of food and essential goods. Rationing became widespread, and fears of invasion or sabotage created an atmosphere of uncertainty. In some areas, blackouts and other security measures were implemented to protect against potential attacks. Despite these challenges, Caribbean civilians contributed to the war effort through fundraising, volunteering, and production of war materials.

We’re grateful to UPMC for Life and Tobacco Free Adagio Health for sponsoring this event!

VBC Scuttlebutt Open Conversation is a friendly, interactive gathering of veterans, friends of veterans, and history nerds where we discuss whatever aspects of military service, past or present, or the veterans community that are on our minds.

Join us to swap stories, good and bad, at home and overseas, old and new. At the VBC, veterans from every era and branch are drawn together by the warm glow of shared purpose.

The stories bridge the gap and the years with veterans from World War II, Korea, Vietnam, the Gulf War, late Cold War, Iraq and Afghanistan, and other eras and deployments. Non-veterans also join the circle, eager to understand, to listen, to learn.

They ask questions with genuine respect and a desire to honor the sacrifices made. This intergenerational dialogue, forged in the crucible of shared experience, builds bridges of empathy and understanding.

These stories aren’t just for veterans; they’re for everyone who wants to understand the lives of those who served. Whether you’re a veteran seeking camaraderie, a civilian wanting to learn, or simply someone who appreciates the value of service, the VBC welcomes you with open arms. Join us online – become part of their mission to honor stories, build bridges, and ensure that every day is Veterans Day.

We’re grateful to UPMC for Life and Tobacco Free Adagio Health for sponsoring this event!

Navy veteran and photographer Richard Sherman joins us to talk about his new book, Never Home: Remembering the Military Heroes Who Never Returned.

The book presents a deeply moving tribute to the American soldiers who rest in the 23 overseas military cemeteries from World War I and World War II. This work, the culmination of eight trips across five years and three continents, is both a historical document and a poignant meditation on sacrifice.

Sherman’s book is structured into three interconnected sections. The first showcases sweeping architectural photographs that capture the solemn grandeur and meticulous design of these memorial grounds. His lens balances the monumental—the vast seas of white crosses—with intimate and unexpected moments, like a craftsman engraving a headstone. These images provide a visual narrative of loss and commemoration, resonating with both technical precision and emotional depth.

The second section delves into over 59 biographical portraits, meticulously researched and vividly presented. Sherman highlights a diverse array of individuals, including Medal of Honor recipients, siblings who served together, nurses, chaplains, and civilian specialists. Drawing from personal letters, family photos, and historical accounts, he transforms these names and dates into poignant human stories. The biographical sketches offer readers a glimpse into the lives and sacrifices of these individuals, bridging the gap between history and humanity.

The final section, titled “Taps,” serves as a photographic meditation, reflecting on the enduring significance of these sacred spaces. Sherman allows his photographs to speak volumes, with text appearing sparingly to enhance rather than overshadow the imagery. His approach underscores the power of visual storytelling, allowing readers to engage with the material on an emotional level.

Though the repetition of certain images, such as rows of crosses, may feel redundant at times, it serves as a reminder of the scale of sacrifice. This minor flaw is overshadowed by the book’s heartfelt presentation and the depth of its content.

Never Home is a profound exploration of the human cost of war and a testament to the enduring legacy of those who gave their lives in service. It will resonate deeply with military families, history enthusiasts, and anyone seeking to understand the personal and collective impact of war.

We’re grateful to UPMC for Life and Tobacco Free Adagio Health for sponsoring this event!

The Tactical Air Reconnaissance Pods System (TARPS) was a significant advancement in reconnaissance technology, particularly for the U.S. Navy during the late 20th century. TARPS, developed and deployed during the Gulf War (1990-1991), was a crucial system designed to enhance real-time intelligence-gathering capabilities for naval aviation, especially for carrier-based aircraft.

The system was integrated into F-14 Tomcat fighter jets, allowing them to conduct high-resolution imagery and reconnaissance missions. TARPS utilized a sophisticated suite of sensors, including high-definition cameras and infrared systems, to capture imagery and data over enemy territory. This made it a valuable asset for targeting and surveillance, providing crucial intelligence during the conflict.

One of the individuals behind the deployment of TARPS was Chris Bacon, a Navy veteran who played a role in the system’s operational success. In August 1998, at 17 years old, Chris Bacon joined the Navy and started basic training in Orlando, Florida. After graduation, he went to Photo School in Pensacola, Florida. Upon graduating, he received orders to report to the VF-103, F-14 Fighter Squadron. VF-103 was part of Carrier Air Wing 17, based in Virginia Beach, Virginia.

We’re grateful to UPMC for Life and Tobacco Free Adagio Health for sponsoring this event!

World War II historians Colin Heaton and Marilyn Walton join us to share remarkable stories of courage, mercy, and humanity on the part of those who fought on the other side, the Axis powers of Germany and Japan.

Some of the stories involve rescues at sea, small mercies in prison, and honest exposure of war crimes. The cases we’ll discuss include:

Captain Werner Hartenstein: On September 12, 1942, the German submarine U-156, commanded by Hartenstein, torpedoed the British RMS Laconia in the Atlantic. The Laconia, a military target, carried British troops, Italian POWs, and civilians, including women and children. Upon discovering Italian POWs and civilians among the survivors, Hartenstein defied the “No Rescue Order,” prohibiting aid to shipwreck victims. He ordered his crew to rescue many survivors, taking over 200 aboard U-156 and using towlines to connect to lifeboats. A Red Cross flag was raised, and he broadcast a message to Allied forces asking for help, promising not to attack rescue vessels. However, an American B-24 bomber attacked U-156, forcing Hartenstein to stop the rescue. Survivors were transferred to other German U-boats, and eventually some were collected by a Vichy French cruiser. U-156 resumed patrols, leaving many survivors in lifeboats, leading to the “Laconia Order,” which prohibited future rescue attempts. 

Hartenstein is remembered for his humanity in a brutal conflict. He prioritized rescuing women, children, and Italians, showing concern for all survivors. His actions stood out in a war marked by atrocities, offering a rare glimpse of empathy from a German officer. Hartenstein’s rescue effort symbolized the potential for humanity, even amid harsh realities of war. 

Hans-Joachim Marseille: The story of Marseille, known as the “Star of Africa,” is one of remarkable skill and complex morality. Born in 1919 in Berlin, Marseille was a talented pilot but had a rebellious nature. He gained fame during the Battle of Britain for his aerial combat skills and later matured under Captain Eduard Neumann in North Africa. Marseille developed tactics that earned respect and was known for his compassion, often risking his life to notify Allied forces about downed pilots. His defiance of Nazi commands and sympathy for Jews caused tension within the military. Despite his fierce skill that made him a propoganda figure, he subtly showed disdain for Nazi principles. Marseille died tragically at 22 in an accident, leaving a legacy as a complex, legendary figure. 

Mochitsura Hashimoto: Hashimoto was the commanding officer of the Japanese submarine I-58 and played a pivotal role in sinking the USS Indianapolis on July 30, 1945. After the war, he showed compassion by testifying in favor of Captain Charles McVay III, stating that decisions made by McVay did not contribute to the sinking. In 1990, Hashimoto met survivors of the Indianapolis and offered them a heartfelt apology, demonstrating humility and longing for reconciliation. 

Max Keith: Keith led Coca-Cola GmbH, the German subsidiary of Coca-Cola, during the Nazi regime. He created Fanta when wartime shortages arose and worked to ensure the survival of Coca-Cola’s operations. Despite cooperating with the Nazis, he is recognized for treating workers compassionately and avoiding complicity in the regime’s crimes. His post-war recognition reflects his efforts to navigate moral ambiguity. 

Hannes Trautloft and Adolf Galland: These men rescued 168 Allied airmen from a Nazi concentration camp, defying orders from Heinrich Himmler. They recognized the threat the SS posed to the airmen and orchestrated their evacuation, risking their lives in the process. Their actions highlighted a division within the German military over the treatment of enemies vs. following orders. 

Rudolf-Johannes Muhlenkamp: Muhlenkamp was an SS officer, displayed humanity during the Warsaw Uprising in 1944 by releasing Irena Sendler and ensuring captured Polish soldiers were sent to POW camps rather than concentration camps. These actions stand out amid the Nazi regime’s brutality. 

Saburo Sakai: Sakai was a renowned Japanese ace known for his honorable conduct. He refrained from unnecessary killings and spared enemies when possible. After the war, he disapproved of Japan’s wartime propaganda and sought accountability for war crimes, ultimately becoming a pariah in Japan but gaining respect from former enemies. His contributions to reconciliation were not fully acknowledged in his own country.

We’re grateful to UPMC for Life and Tobacco Free Adagio Health for sponsoring this event!

For Black History Month, the Veterans Breakfast Club hosts a special event screening and discussion of the documentary film, Black Uniform, featuring Black veterans serving between WWII and present day speaking on why they entered the military and what they’ve given to their country. This heartfelt film shares their experiences and highlights the role that Black men and women have played in defending our country’s freedoms despite facing unique challenges on the battlefield and at home.. Filmmakers Sheri Ward and Rose Burbank will join the after-screening conversation as will veteran Eric Howze, whose story is featured in the film. Unlike our usual programs, you must register for this screening and conversation, which will be held on Zoom only. You can register through the link below:

Those of you who can’t attend this free screening and conversation are encouraged to view the film on demand on Amazon Prime here.

Black Uniform is a powerful documentary that explores the experiences of 12 Black veterans who served in the U.S. military, spanning from World War II to the present day. Directed by Robert Darwell, this film offers a profound look into the lives of these individuals, shedding light on their motivations for enlisting, the challenges they faced both during and after service, and the contributions they made to defending American freedoms.

The documentary highlights the dual battles these veterans fought—on the battlefield and against prejudice—and underscores the resilience and dedication of Black servicemen and women.

One of the standout narratives in Black Uniform is the story of Romay Davis, a 104-year-old veteran who served in the Women’s Army Corps (WAC) during World War II. Davis was part of the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion, the only all-Black female unit deployed overseas during the war. Tasked with organizing and delivering backlogged mail for soldiers, their work was critical to maintaining morale among troops. Davis’s recollections offer a poignant glimpse into the segregation and discrimination faced by Black service members, even as they carried out essential tasks for the war effort.

Her story exemplifies the quiet heroism of many Black veterans whose contributions often went unrecognized.Another compelling account comes from Dr. Eugene Richardson, a member of the legendary Tuskegee Airmen. As one of the few remaining members of this elite group of Black pilots, Richardson shares his journey of overcoming systemic racism to fulfill his dream of flying. The Tuskegee Airmen’s role in providing air cover for bomber squadrons during World War II was pivotal, and their success challenged stereotypes about Black capabilities in military service. Richardson’s reflections underscore the significant strides made by these trailblazing aviators, even in the face of persistent prejudice.

The Korean War era is represented by figures like former Congressman Charles Rangel and actor James McEachin. Rangel, who earned a Purple Heart and Bronze Star for his service, recounts the harrowing experience of being abandoned by commanding officers during an enemy assault. Despite President Truman’s executive order desegregating the military, Rangel’s memories reveal the lingering racial divides within the armed forces.

Similarly, McEachin’s journey highlights the challenges of transitioning from military service to a successful civilian career, showcasing his resilience in overcoming barriers both on and off the battlefield.

The Vietnam War brought its own set of challenges for Black veterans, who often faced discrimination within the military and a lack of recognition upon returning home. Ty Martin, a Navy sailor during this era, shares his unique perspective as a gay man serving in a deeply conservative institution. His story reflects the layered complexities of identity and service, illustrating the personal battles many veterans fought alongside their military duties. Meanwhile, Norvell Ballard, an Air Force veteran, emphasizes the disparities in how Black and white soldiers were treated, particularly regarding disciplinary actions and access to benefits. Ballard’s advocacy for equitable treatment highlights the systemic issues that continue to affect Black veterans today.

The Iraq Wars are represented by veterans like Robert Dabney Jr., Eric Howze, and Janina Simmons, whose experiences reveal the evolving challenges faced by Black service members. Dabney, an Army medic who served in multiple conflict zones, speaks to the economic motivations that often drive enlistment, as well as the physical and emotional toll of war. Howze’s battle with PTSD and his involvement in support groups like “No Hero Left Behind” demonstrate the ongoing struggles veterans face in reintegrating into civilian life. Simmons, the first Black woman to graduate from the U.S. Army Ranger Corps, offers an inspiring narrative of breaking barriers and persevering despite systemic obstacles.

Her story is a testament to the progress made in diversifying military leadership roles, even as challenges persist.Drawing from extensive interviews and archival research, Black Uniform weaves together a tapestry of experiences that illustrate the broader historical and social context of Black military service.

The film’s emphasis on oral history provides a deeply personal and humanizing perspective on the sacrifices and contributions of Black veterans.The film highlights the persistent inequities that many veterans face, even after serving their country with distinction. By addressing these challenges, Black Uniform not only honors the resilience of its subjects but also calls for greater recognition and support for all veterans.

The documentary has garnered critical acclaim, winning awards at prestigious film festivals such as the Los Angeles Documentary Film Festival and the Orlando Urban Film Festival. Its success reflects the importance of amplifying underrepresented voices in the military and broader society and the need to embrace the ongoing legacy of Black service members.

We’re grateful to UPMC for Life for sponsoring this event!